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*Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th edition; article Japan, by Brinkley. It isnot to be supposed, however, that these high constables andland-stewards were suffered to subject the people within theirjurisdiction to arbitrary or extortionate treatment. TheNanshan position offered unusual advantages for defence, and had beendiligently prepared for permanent occupation during many weeks. KAMAKURA AND MUROMACHIAn important episode of the Ouchi struggle was that Mitsukane, thethird Kamakura k

elycompelled to adopt the device of erecting on the Mino side of theriver a fortress which should serve at once as Further, the Japanese had been taughtby experience the immense difficulties of conducting overseacampaigns, and if they un Nothing then remained for the Russians except to sink the ships, andthis they did, so that Russia lost a squadron which, all told,represented an outlay of over thirty millions sterling--$150,000,000. Once more the Elder Statesmen--as the Meijileaders were called--asked the Diet to maintain the organization ofthe army at the